Free citizenship test practice Questions 2026
Federal Elections — Summary
Federal Elections — SummaryFederal elections in Canada are held to elect Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons.
Each MP represents one electoral district, also called a riding.
How Elections Work
Canadians vote in a federal election to choose an MP to represent their riding in the House of Commons.
The political party that wins the most seats in the House usually forms the government.
The leader of that party becomes the Prime Minister.
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Timing of Elections
By law, a general election must be held at least every five years, but it can be called earlier.
The Prime Minister may ask the Governor General to dissolve Parliament and call an election.
Since 2007, Canada has a fixed election date — the third Monday in October every four years — but elections can still happen sooner if the government loses a vote of confidence.
Who Can Vote
To vote in a federal election, you must:
Be a Canadian citizen
Be at least 18 years old
Be registered on the voters list
Voters can register before election day or at the polling station.
Voting Process
Each voter receives a ballot listing the candidates in their riding.
The voter marks an “X” beside the name of their chosen candidate.
Voting is secret — no one can see how another person votes.
Results
The candidate with the most votes in a riding becomes its MP.
The political party with the most MPs usually forms the government.
If no party wins a majority, a minority government or a coalition may form.
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After the Election
The Governor General invites the leader of the winning party to form the new government.
The Prime Minister chooses Cabinet Ministers to head departments.
The government remains in power as long as it maintains the confidence of the House of Commons.
Canadian Citizenship Test – Complete Description (Study Guide)
The Canadian Citizenship Test is one of the most important steps for permanent residents who wish to become full citizens of Canada. It allows the government to ensure that all new citizens understand the country’s values, history, rights, and responsibilities. The test is based entirely on the official study guide called Discover Canada: The Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship, which is available free of charge from the Government of Canada.
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Purpose of the Test
The main goal of the citizenship test is to evaluate whether applicants have sufficient knowledge about Canada’s history, geography, political system, symbols, culture, and laws. Becoming a citizen means more than holding a passport — it represents an understanding and appreciation of what it means to be Canadian. The test also confirms that applicants know their civic duties, including obeying the law, voting, and respecting the rights of others.
All applicants between the ages of 18 and 54 must take the test and demonstrate adequate knowledge of the country. Individuals aged 55 and older are exempt from the written test but may still be required to attend an interview.
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Free citizenship test practice Questions 2026
Format and Structure
The Canadian Citizenship Test is usually written, although some applicants may be asked to take it orally during an interview with a citizenship officer (for example, if they have difficulty reading or writing in English or French).
The test consists of 20 questions.
Questions are multiple-choice or true/false format.
You must answer at least 15 questions correctly (75%) to pass.
The test duration is 30 minutes.
The test can be taken in English or French, Canada’s two official languages.
Each question is drawn from the Discover Canada study guide, which covers topics such as Canadian history, political system, geography, economy, national symbols, and rights and responsibilities of citizenship.
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Topics Covered
The test covers a wide range of subjects that reflect Canada’s identity and governance. Some of the main areas include:
Canadian History:
From Indigenous peoples and early European explorers to Confederation and modern-day Canada, applicants are expected to understand key historical figures, dates, and events that shaped the country.Government and Politics:
The structure of Canada’s democratic government, including the Constitution, Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the role of the Prime Minister, Governor General, Parliament, and Senate, as well as the levels of government (federal, provincial, territorial, and municipal).Rights and Responsibilities:
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects fundamental rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and equality before the law. Responsibilities include obeying laws, voting in elections, and serving on a jury when required.Canadian Symbols:
Symbols such as the maple leaf, Canadian flag, national anthem (O Canada), beaver, Crown, Inuksuk, and coat of arms reflect the country’s unity and heritage.Geography and Regions:
Canada’s provinces, territories, capital cities, major rivers, lakes, and mountain ranges are essential parts of the test. Understanding Canada’s geography helps demonstrate familiarity with its vast and diverse landscape.Canada’s Economy:
Applicants should know about Canada’s natural resources, industries, and trading relationships, as well as the economic contributions of each region.Modern Canada and Citizenship:
The test also explores the role of immigration, multiculturalism, and the principles that guide Canada’s democratic society.
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How to Prepare for the Test
The most effective way to prepare is by studying the official handbook:
Official Study Guide:
Discover Canada: The Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship (PDF)
This guide is the only official source for test questions. Every question on the test is based on its content. It is available for free download as a PDF, or you can request a printed copy or audio version from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
In addition to reading the handbook, applicants are encouraged to practice with online tests and sample questions to improve their understanding and test-taking skills.
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Practice Tests and Online Resources
A popular and reliable platform for preparation is test2go.ca. This website offers free Canadian citizenship practice tests designed to simulate the real exam format. The practice quizzes include multiple-choice and true/false questions based on the Discover Canada handbook.
Using test2go.ca helps applicants:
Familiarize themselves with the types of questions.
Identify areas where more study is needed.
Gain confidence before taking the real test.
Learn at their own pace using mobile-friendly tools.
By combining the official handbook with online resources like test2go.ca, candidates can greatly increase their chances of success.
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Taking the Test
The citizenship test is usually taken online or in person at a designated testing centre. If you are invited to an in-person test, you must bring:
The test invitation letter from IRCC,
Your permanent resident card,
Two pieces of personal identification, and
All original documents used for your application.
The test lasts about 30 minutes, and once completed, you may be told your results right away. If you do not pass on your first attempt, you will be given another opportunity to retake the test.
After the Test
If you pass the citizenship test, you may be asked to attend an interview with a citizenship official to confirm your language skills and verify your application details. Afterward, if everything is in order, you will receive a notice to attend a Citizenship Ceremony.
At the ceremony, you will take the Oath of Citizenship, pledging allegiance to Canada and its laws. Once you have taken the oath, you officially become a Canadian citizen and receive your Citizenship Certificate.
Tips for Success
Study every chapter of the Discover Canada handbook carefully.
Focus on important dates, names, and national symbols.
Use practice tests on test2go.ca regularly to reinforce your knowledge.
Watch or listen to the audio version of the handbook if English or French is not your first language.
Learn the national anthem, flag details, and roles of government officials.
Stay confident and manage your time wisely during the test.
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Conclusion
The Canadian Citizenship Test is not just an exam — it’s a celebration of what it means to belong to Canada. It helps newcomers understand the country’s history, values, and responsibilities, ensuring that every new citizen contributes positively to the nation’s future. With thorough preparation using the Discover Canada handbook and practice tools like test2go.ca, anyone can succeed and take the next step toward proudly becoming a Canadian citizen.
